Preventing Falls: The 5 P's

As dementia worsens, falls become an increasing risk. Here are five tips to practice to help prevent falls.

• POTTY. Many falls happen on the way to or in the bathroom. Offer frequent toileting and incontinence care.
• PAIN. Pain may be difficult for a resident to voice, particularly if they have dementia. Monitor for signs of discomfort like facial grimacing, moaning, or restlessness. This can also include hunger or thirst.
• POSITION. Many residents have weight loss, arthritis, a history of fractures or other injuries that can make sitting or lying in one position uncomfortable in a short time. Assist them to change positions frequently.
• POSSESSIONS. Many falls occur while reaching for a needed or wanted object such as reading glasses, a TV remote, a warm blanket, a phone, or a drink. By keeping these things in reach, you may prevent many falls.
• PLAY. Encouraging safe activities keeps residents social and can alleviate pain from stiff joints. Socialization can prevent and alleviate depression.

The risk factors related to dementia are also associated with many other chronic conditions such as heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and stroke. In Tennessee, 18.3% of Medicare beneficiaries have 6+ chronic conditions which is higher than the national prevalence of 17%.